If you find yourself struggling to keep your team (or yourself) motivated, it may be time to take a closer look at some of the ideas by Daniel H. Pink, in his book Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us.
Drawing on four decades of scientific research on human motivation, Daniel H. Pink shares the secret ingredients behind productivity, fulfillment, and happiness in our modern society. Before exploring Daniel H. Pink’s insights on how to increase intrinsic motivation, let’s first understand the concept of intrinsic motivation, its benefits, and the barriers to achieving it.
Can Intrinsic Motivation be Developed?
It is certainly possible to develop and improve your intrinsic motivation. According to psychology research, we can nurture our inner drive by creating environments emphasizing autonomy, mastery, and purpose. These elements help us fully engage in our tasks, find personal meaning in our work, and strive for continuous improvement, which can have significant benefits for our psychological well-being.
Benefits of Intrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic motivation is super important for both personal and professional life. On a personal level, when you’re internally motivated to learn and master new skills, you get more into the material and remember it better. This drive also helps you set and pursue goals that really mean something to you, and it leads to better work and more creativity compared to just aiming for external rewards.
Professionally, intrinsic motivation significantly affects job satisfaction and how happy you are overall. When you find purpose and fun in your work, you’re more likely to put in extra effort and go above and beyond, making you better at your job and improving team dynamics. Furthermore, as an intrinsically motivated employee, you’ll have higher spirits, stick around longer in your role, and get more out of what you do daily.
Pitfalls that hinder Intrinsic Motivation
Several things can hinder your internal motivation. One main issue is tying simple tasks to external rewards, such as bonuses or prizes. While these rewards can be helpful in certain situations and can even boost intrinsic motivation when used correctly, making them the primary focus can disrupt the learning process and reduce long-term motivation. For example, if you start expecting extrinsic rewards for every task, you might focus more on getting the reward than on enjoying the task itself, which can ultimately be detrimental to your internal motivation and engagement.
Another problem is ignoring what you want and your personal goals. In everyday life, if tasks don’t match what you like or care about, you might not feel engaged and might lose motivation. This can make you feel disconnected from your work and less happy.
Also, having little control over what you do and how you do it can reduce your motivation. When we have no sense of autonomy, it can make us feel like we’re being watched too closely, which can make us less motivated.
Lastly, if your efforts and achievements aren’t noticed or celebrated, you might stop seeing the point of working hard. Noticing and celebrating progress is important for keeping your motivation high and making you feel proud of what you’ve done.
How to Increase Intrinsic Motivation
In the long run, people who are motivated intrinsically by the freedom, challenge, and purpose of their tasks almost always outperform and enjoy greater well-being than those who are motivated by external rewards like money and recognition.
The formula to the inner drive lies with the combination of 3 key elements: autonomy, mastery, and purpose.
Download our book summary & infographic of “Drive” here!
1) Autonomy
Autonomy essentially means acting with choice. Most of us are naturally self-directed and autonomous, but we have been conditioned to respond to rewards and punishments. Given the right environment, we will return to our natural self-directed state. To encourage greater initiative and better performance, give people autonomy in 4 key areas:
• Task (What they do)
• Time (When they do it)
• Team (Who they do it with)
• Technique (How they do it)
2) Mastery
Mastery means becoming better at something that matters, and this can only be achieved through deep engagement or “flow” – i.e. performing at a notch or two beyond our current abilities, hence pushing ourselves to grow and enjoying immense fulfillment in the process. To encourage mastery, create conditions for people to make progress, then highlight, recognize and celebrate that progress.
3) Purpose
Purpose is about linking your desires to a cause that’s bigger than yourself. Motivated, productive and fulfilled people typically work towards a higher purpose beyond their self-interest. You can express “purpose motives” in your organization through 3 ways:
• Goals: Place purpose as the priority, and use profits as a catalyst rather than the key objective.
• Words: Focus on “why” rather than “how”.
• Policies: Allow people to pursue purpose on their own terms.
Using Rewards Effectively
While the traditional carrot-and-stick approach to motivation is no longer effective in the 21st Century, external rewards still play a role in complementing intrinsic rewards. Specifically:
• Ensure that people are given at least “baseline rewards” (i.e. a fair and equitable salary, perks and benefits), as these are pre-requisites to motivation. Beyond that baseline however, carrots and sticks can actually dampen rather than increase motivation.
• Use “If-Then rewards” for dull and routine tasks (e.g. data-entry, manual labour):
o Acknowledge that the task is boring
o Explain why the task is necessary, so you provide meaning for an otherwise-boring task.
o Provide autonomy, and give people some freedom over how they complete the task. Reward them for performing the job well or above expectations.
o Offer rewards as a surprise or bonus after the task is completed.
o Use non-tangible rewards like praise and positive feedback rather than just cash and physical trophies.
o Provide specific feedback, focusing on their effort and strategy (rather than must the results)
o Combine this with fair baseline rewards, and the 3 elements of autonomy, mastery and purpose.
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You can also get a copy of the book from Amazon.com.
